The Initiative
In a notable stride towards strengthening regional connectivity, Bangladesh is expediting preparations for the Dhaka-Kathmandu international bus service. This initiative aims to bridge distances and facilitate travel for both Nepali students in Bangladesh and Bangladeshis visiting Nepal.
Geographical Challenges and International Agreements
The unique geographical challenge of the Siliguri Corridor, a 22-kilometer stretch of Indian territory separating southeastern Nepal and northern Bangladesh, has been a key consideration. Despite this, the BBIN (Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, and Nepal) motor vehicles agreement, facilitated by the Asian Development Bank in June 2015, has seen progress, with Bhutan being the only remaining participant yet to agree.
Preparations and Trial Services
Bangladesh’s proactive approach is evident in its preparations to operate bus services on four new routes within Nepal and India. Notably, trial bus services from Dhaka to Kathmandu (April 25, 2018) and Dhaka to Darjeeling (December 12, 2019) were conducted. Unfortunately, the Dhaka-Kathmandu service faced setbacks due to the Covid-19 pandemic, stalling its progression beyond the trial phase.
Proposed International Routes
The new international bus service is designed to connect key cities, including Dhaka-Kathmandu, Chatgaun-Kolkata, Dhaka-Gangtok, and Darjeeling-Barishal-Kolkata. Jointly operated by Bangladesh Road Transport Corporation, West Bengal Transport Corporation, and Shyamoli NR Travels, this service is poised to enhance cross-border travel.
Overcoming Challenges
While progress in discussions between Nepal and Bangladesh has been noted, Chairman Tazul Islam acknowledges the complexities introduced by geopolitical interests. Visa issues and bilateral agreements stand as hurdles to be overcome, especially considering tightened border restrictions by India post-Covid-19.
Anticipated Benefits
The proposed bus service holds significant potential for Nepali students studying in Bangladesh and Bangladeshi tourists exploring Nepal. The Department of Immigration reported 36,483 Bangladeshi tourists visiting Nepal in 2023, indicating the growing interest in bilateral travel.
Geopolitical Landscape and Historical Agreements
The collaboration between Nepal and Bangladesh traces back to a 2012 agreement at a foreign secretary-level meeting. This agreement aimed to establish direct bus services but faced challenges due to the absence of a dedicated bilateral agreement between Nepal and India regarding the use of Indian territory.
Cargo Transit and Diplomatic Ties
Parallelly, both nations signed an agreement on the carriage of transit cargo, facilitating Nepal’s access to Chittagong and Mongla ports in Bangladesh. As Bangladesh progresses in finalizing plans for the Dhaka-Kathmandu international bus service, it not only signals a significant step towards fostering regional connectivity but also underscores the ongoing efforts to strengthen diplomatic ties.
